Alhamdulillah..

Rabu, 25 April 2012

Effects of Global Warming


DANGEROUS !!
 
The planet is warming, from North Pole to South Pole, and everywhere in between. Globally, the mercury is already up more than 1 degree Fahrenheit (0.8 degree Celsius), and even more in sensitive polar regions. And the effects of rising temperatures aren’t waiting for some far-flung future. They’re happening right now. Signs are appearing all over, and some of them are surprising. The heat is not only melting glaciers and sea ice, it’s also shifting precipitation patterns and setting animals on the move.

Some impacts from increasing temperatures are already happening.

Ice is melting worldwide, especially at the Earth’s poles. This includes mountain glaciers, ice sheets covering West Antarctica and Greenland, and Arctic sea ice.

Researcher Bill Fraser has tracked the decline of the Adélie penguins on Antarctica, where their numbers have fallen from 32,000 breeding pairs to 11,000 in 30 years.

Sea level rise became faster over the last century.

Some butterflies, foxes, and alpine plants have moved farther north or to higher, cooler areas.

Precipitation (rain and snowfall) has increased across the globe, on average.

Spruce bark beetles have boomed in Alaska thanks to 20 years of warm summers. The insects have chewed up 4 million acres of spruce trees.




Other effects could happen later this century, if warming continues.

Sea levels are expected to rise between 7 and 23 inches (18 and 59 centimeters) by the end of the century, and continued melting at the poles could add between 4 and 8 inches (10 to 20 centimeters).

Hurricanes and other storms are likely to become stronger.

Species that depend on one another may become out of sync. For example, plants could bloom earlier than their pollinating insects become active.

Floods and droughts will become more common. Rainfall in Ethiopia, where droughts are already common, could decline by 10 percent over the next 50 years.

Less fresh water will be available. If the Quelccaya ice cap in Peru continues to melt at its current rate, it will be gone by 2100, leaving thousands of people who rely on it for drinking water and electricity without a source of either.

Some diseases will spread, such as malaria carried by mosquitoes.

Ecosystems will change—some species will move farther north or become more successful; others won’t be able to move and could become extinct. Wildlife research scientist Martyn Obbard has found that since the mid-1980s, with less ice on which to live and fish for food, polar bears have gotten considerably skinnier. Polar bear biologist Ian Stirling has found a similar pattern in Hudson Bay. He fears that if sea ice disappears, the polar bears will as well.

source :  http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/gw-effects/

COMMENT :

This is very dangerous and must be stopped. according to my opinion, there are some easy ways to prevent global warming
Saving earth is everyone's responsibility. The damages done to the earth resources have to be slowed-down and eventually stop if we want our children and grand-children to enjoy a healthy outdoor life like we can.
The big polluters have been pointed and rules and regulations to diminish the toxic gas emissions have been put into place. Manufacturers are now targeted to ensure they lower their pollution production.
Although this is a small step in the right direction, more needs to be done to slow down and eventually stop the wastes of our natural resources. Such solutions as walking instead of taking the car for small travels are a good and healthy start. Other measures such as not letting the purified water run aimlessly or better isolation of a house to lower the fuel consumption to heat it are all small steps that have the power to make a difference in the long run.
Other measures such as only washing the dishes or the laundry for full loads can on the long run greatly reduce the exploitation of earth's resources.
Saving the earth can also be done in your own backyard. Hence, when mowing the lawn, it has been proven that by leaving the cut grass, you are saving a lot on fertilizers and you have greatly diminishing the quantity of waist you are producing. The other great benefit from not picking-up the cut grass is the time saving you can enjoy. Cut grass when left in place has the power to give back to the earth powerful and natural nutrients and a good load of natural water.
It is a little tip from me, may be useful :)

Noun Clause

Untuk materi bahasa inggris ke 3 kita akan mempelajari tentang "Noun Clause"bBerikut ini yang saya ketahui, simak yaaaaaaaa ^_^


PENGERTIAN NOUN CLAUSE  :

Noun Clause adalah klausa yang berfungsi sebagai Nomina. Karena fungsinya sebagai nomina, maka Noun Clause dapat menduduki posisi berikut :
·         Subjek Kalimat ( subject of a sentence)
·         Objek verba transitif (object of a transitive verb)
·         Objek preposisi (object of a preposition)
·         Pelengkap (complement)
·         Pemberi Keteeangan Tambahan (noun in apposition)

RUMUS NOUN CLUASE              :

Conjunction + S + Predicate + ……. (Obyek)

Yang dapat dijadikan kata penghubung (conjunction) adalah 
semua question word , if atau whether.




CONTOH NOUN CLAUSE                        :

·         Noun Clause sebagai Subjek Kalimat
~ What the Mr. Ronny has said is true
~ That the fire is hot is a real
·         Noun Clause sebagai Objek Verba Transitif
~ I don’t believe what he is talking about his family
~ She said that her father would work in Bali
·         Noun Clause sebagai Objek Preposisi
~ Please repeat to what your teacher is teaching
~ Be remember of what you’re listening
·         Noun Clause sebagai Pelengkap
~ The bad news is that the Indonesian culture has been lost
~ That is what you order
      ·  Noun Clause sebagai Pemberi Keterangan Tambahan
           ~ The real that my grandma has comeback to God can make me very sad
           ~ The idea that the human can live in Mars for future is confuse

Rabu, 04 April 2012

Command & Request

Untuk materi English saya yang kedua, saya akan coba share mengenai Request & Command.

Silakan Membaca ^_^



Definisi : “Command and Request” adalah kalimat perintah/permintaan dengan kata ganti orang kedua. Command (perintah) dan request (permintaan/permohonan).

Perbedaan kalimat command & request :
        
Kalimat command :
kalimat command biasanya diiringi dengan kata kata perintah, dan umumnya kalimat command
digunakan oleh orang yg lebih tua kepada orang yg lebih muda, karena pembawaannya terlihat lebih tegas dibandingkan dengan kalimat request. Spesifikasinya, kata-kata perintah pada kalimat command ditambah dengan “lah” dan diakhiri tanda seru (!) seperti : “Bacalah!” , “Tulislah!”.
Tetapi didalam bahasa Inggris, kata "lah" itu tidak ada. Jadi bila menyuruh seseorang berbuat                     sesuatu, hanya verb saja yang diletakkan di depan kalimat maka dengan sendirinya sudah bertambah
arti "lah" dalam kalimat tersebut. tetapi jika kalimatnya bukan kata kerja (verb), maka pakailah
"be" di depan kalimat karena be itu adalah verb. Kalimat.

10 contoh kalimat command :
1.      Be good to parents!
2.      Don’t forget your homework!
3.      Don’t be lazy!
4.      Try to do mathematics!
5.      Run quickly!
6.      Be love to victim!
7.      Go there!
8.      Do not try it at home!
9.      Be a professional entrepreneur!
10.  Be an honest leader!

Kalimat request :
Kalimat request biasanya diiringi kalimat permintaan/permohonan, bisa dibilang kalimat perintah, namun
terlihat lebih halus/sopan saat menggunakannya. Kalimat request biasanya digunakan oleh orang yg lebih
muda kepada orang yg lebih tua. Spesifikasinya, kalimat request terdapat kata tolong (please) dan
terdapat kata bantu “would, could dan can”.

10 contoh kalimat request :
1.   Could you help me to turn on the lamp, please?
2.   Can you help me to open the window, please?
3.   Would you like to order meatball for me, please?
4.   Could you help me to repeat again the lesson yesterday, please?
5.   Would you like to accompany me at Rahma’s party tonight, please?
6.   Can you help me to shut down the computer, please?
7.   Can you help me to close the door, please?
8.   Would you like to read a story for my son, please?
9.   Could you help me to invite my mother to market, please?
10. Can you help me to give my little cat eat every morning, please?


Direct & Indirect Speech

Guys .. kali ini saya akan share mengenai multiple choice yg berhubungan dengan direct & indirect yang saya ketahui, mohon maaf bila terjadi kesalahan. maklum tahap pembelajaran. hehe ^_^


1.    Direct        :  He said, “I have lost my umbrella”.
       Indirect    :    
a.    He said that he had lost his umbrella
b.    He said that he has lost his umbrella
c.    She said that she had lost her umbrella
d.    She said that she has lost her umbrella
(Answer : choose (a) tenses : Simple present tense to Simple past tense )

2.    Direct        : He said, “The sun rises in the east”.
       Indirect    :
a. He say that the sun rises in the east
b. He said that the sun rised in the east
c. He said that the sun rise in the east
d. He said that the sun rises in the east
(Answer : choose (d) tenses : Simple present tense to Simple past tense)

3.    Direct        : Bella said, “This is my doll”.
       Indirect     :
a. Bella said that this were her doll
b. Bella said that this was her doll
c. Bella said that there was her doll
d. Bella said that this was him doll
(Answer : choose (b) tenses : Simple present tense to Simple past tense )

4.    Direct        : Mother says to me, “I have been cooking”.
       Indirect    :
a. Mother says to me that She has been cooking
b. Mother says to me that She had been cooking
c. Mother says to me that She have been cooking
d. Mother says to me that She was been cooking
(Answer : choose (b) tenses : Present perfect continuous tense to past perfect
        countinuous)

5.    Direct        : She has told you, “I am reading”.
       Indirect    :
a. She has tell you that he is reading
b. She has told you that he was reading
c. She has told you that he is reading
d. She has tell you that he was reading
(Answer : choose (c) tenses : Past countinuous tense to past perfect countinuous)

6.    Direct        : He said, “I will come here”.
       Indirect    :
a. He said that he will go there
b. He said that he would go there
c. He said that he would gone there
d. He said that he would come here
(Answer : choose (b) tenses : Simple present tense to Simple past tense)

7.    Direct        : Father says, “We are visiting him tonight”.
       Indirect    :
a. Father says we were visit him tonight
b. Father says we was visiting him tonight
c. Father says we was visit him tonight
d. Father says we were visiting him tonight
(Answer : choose (d) tenses : Present countinuous tense to past countinuous tense)

8.    Direct        :  My Uncle says to me, “I have been living in Medan since 2000”.
       Indirect    :
a. My uncle says to me I had been living in Medan since 2000
b. My ucnle says to me I have living in Medan since 2000
c. My uncle says to me I had living in Medan since 2000
d. My uncle says to me I have been living in Medan since 2000
(Answer : choose (a) tenses : Present perfect countinuous tense to past perfect
    countinuous tense)

9.    Direct        : Mr. Joko said, “They were discussing about direct & indirect speech
                           for hours”.
       Indirect    :
a. Mr Joko said They has been discussing about direct & indirect speech for hours

b. Mr Joko said They have been discussing about direct & indirect speech for hours 
c. Mr. Joko said They had been discussing about direct & indirect speech for hours 
d. Mr Joko said They had discussing about direct & indirect speech for hours
 (Answer : choose (c) tenses : Past countinuous tense to past perfect
    countinuous tense)

10.    Direct        : She said, “The sun sets in the west”.
         Indirect    :
a. He said that the sun sets in the west
b. He said those the sun sets in the west
c. He said that the sun set in the west
d. He said that the sun setsed in the west
(Answer : choose (a) tenses : Simple present tense to Simple past tense)

11.    Direct        : My sister says, “Our uncle will visit us tomorrow”.
         Indirect    :
a. My sister says our uncle would visiting us next day
b. My sister says our uncle would visit us next day
c. My sister says our uncle can visit us next day
d. My sister says our uncle would visited us next day
(Answer : choose (b) tenses : present future tense to past future tense)

12.    Direct        : Anna says, “Mr.Daniel is writting a novel today”.
         Indirect    :
a. Anna says Mr.Daniel were writing a novel the day
b. Anna says Mr.Daniel was write a novel the day
c. Anna says Mr.Daniel was writing a novel the day
d. Anna says Mr.Daniel was writed a novel the day
(Answer : choose (c) tenses : Present countinuous tense to past countinuous tense)

13.    Direct        : David says, “We have been calling for her two hours”.
         Indirect    :
a. David says we have been calling for her two hours
b. David says we has been calling for her two hours
c. David says we haved been calling for her two hours
d. David says we had been calling for her two hours
(Answer : choose (d) tenses : Present perfect countinuous tense to past perfect
    countinuous tense)

14.    Direct        : Mother said, “My little sister was talking fluetntly”.
         Indirect    :
a. Mother said my little sister has been talked fluently
b. Mother said my little sister have been talking fluently
c. Mother said my little sister has been talking fluently
d. Mother said my little sister had been talking fluently
(Answer : choose (c) tenses : Past countinuous tense to past perfect
    countinuous tense)

15.    Direct        : Dorra says, “Lita is tasting the candy”.
         Indirect    :
a. Dorra says lita were tasting the candy
b. Dorra says lita was tasted the candy
c. Dorra says lita was tasting the candy
d. Dorra says lita have been tasting the candy
(Answer : choose (c) tenses : Present countinuous tense to past countinuous tense)